What do ionic compounds contain

Usually, ionic compounds are composed or metals, and non-metals Metals, all metals, are electron-rich materials. Metals thus TEND to form positive ions Such a bonding picture can account for common metallic properties: "malleability" , the ability to be hammered out into a sheet; "ductility" , the ability to be drawn out into a wire, and "electrical conductivity" in the solid state. On the other hand, non-metals, tend to derive from the right hand side of the Periodic Table , and their high unshielded!

The positive and negative ions can of course pair up to form stable salts in which anion is bound to cation in an infinite, non-molecular array And thus the elements that commonly make up ionic compounds are metals and non-metals What types of elements make up ionic compounds? Chemistry Ionic Bonds Ionic Compounds. Ionic compounds are held together by the attractive electrostatic interactions between cations and anions. The electrostatic energy is negative only when the charges have opposite signs; that is, positively charged species are attracted to negatively charged species and vice versa.

Ionic compounds contain both cations and anions in a ratio that results in zero electrical charge. These energetic factors are discussed in greater quantitative detail later. If the electrostatic energy is positive, the particles repel each other; if the electrostatic energy is negative, the particles are attracted to each other.

In forming chemical compounds, many elements have a tendency to gain or lose enough electrons to attain the same number of electrons as the noble gas closest to them in the periodic table. They then have the same number of electrons as the nearest noble gas: neon.

Ions such as these, which contain only a single atom, are called monatomic ions. The charges of most monatomic ions derived from the main group elements can be predicted by simply looking at the periodic table and counting how many columns an element lies from the extreme left or right. Note that this method is ineffective for most of the transition metals. Predict the charge on the most common monatomic ion formed by each element. In general, ionic and covalent compounds have different physical properties.

Ionic compounds form hard crystalline solids that melt at high temperatures and are resistant to evaporation. Covalent substances can be gases, liquids, or solids at room temperature and pressure, depending on the strength of the intermolecular interactions.

Most cations and anions can combine to form solid compounds that are usually known as salts. Its older name is cupric chloride. An ionic compound is named first by its cation and then by its anion. The cation has the same name as its element. For example, NaF is also known as sodium fluoride. If either the cation or the anion was a polyatomic ion, the polyatomic ion name is used in the name of the overall compound. The polyatomic ion name stays the same.

For example, Ca NO 3 2 is called calcium nitrate. For cations that take on multiple charges typically transition metals , the charge is written using Roman numerals in parentheses immediately following the element name.

This compound is therefore, copper II nitrate. Since some metallic elements form cations that have different positive charges, the names of ionic compounds derived from these elements must contain some indication of the cation charge.