It does this by blocking enzymes that are needed for bacteria survival. Cipro is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. This means it works against many different types of bacteria. However, many bacteria have grown to be resistant to Cipro.
Resistant bacteria can no longer be treated with a certain drug. Cipro begins to work against bacterial infections within hours of when you take it. However, you may not notice improvement in your symptoms for a few days. The following information describes dosages that are commonly used or recommended.
However, be sure to take the dosage your doctor prescribes for you. Your doctor will determine the best dosage to suit your needs. The typical dosage for immediate-release Cipro is — mg every 12 hours for up to 14 days. Your doctor will determine the best form and dosage of Cipro for your condition. If you have kidney disease, your doctor may prescribe Cipro at a lower dose or have you take the medication less frequently.
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. You might start to feel better before you finish your entire Cipro treatment. Cipro tablets and suspension should be taken at about the same time each day in the morning and the evening. Cipro can be taken with or without food. Either way you take it, be sure to consume plenty of fluids while taking Cipro. It should be taken at least two hours before or after consuming these products.
However, Cipro can be taken along with a meal that contains dairy products or calcium-fortified foods or drinks. Cipro tablets and Cipro XR extended-release tablets should not be crushed, split, or chewed. They should be swallowed whole. Cipro can interact with several other medications. It can also interact with certain supplements as well as certain foods. Different interactions can cause different effects. For instance, some can interfere with how well a drug works, while others can cause increased side effects.
Below is a list of medications that can interact with Cipro. This list does not contain all drugs that may interact with Cipro. Before taking Cipro, be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all prescription, over-the-counter, and other drugs you take. Also tell them about any vitamins, herbs, and supplements you use. Sharing this information can help you avoid potential interactions. If you have questions about drug interactions that may affect you, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Many antacids such as Tums, Gaviscon, and Maalox contain calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide. These ingredients can bind to Cipro and prevent your body from absorbing it. This can decrease how well Cipro works. To avoid this interaction, take Cipro at least two hours before taking an antacid, or six hours afterward. Taking Cipro with oral anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin Coumadin, Jantoven might increase the anticoagulant effects.
This might result in increased bleeding. If you take an anticoagulant, your doctor may need to monitor your bleeding risk more frequently if you take Cipro. Certain medications prolong your QT interval, which means they might affect the rhythm of your heartbeat. Taking Cipro with these drugs can increase the risk of having a dangerous irregular heartbeat. Cipro should be avoided or used very carefully with these medications. Taking Cipro with clozapine Versacloz, Fazaclo ODT can increase the levels of clozapine in the body and increase the risk of clozapine side effects.
Cipro can increase the blood sugar-lowering effects of certain diabetes drugs, such as glyburide Diabeta, Glynase PresTabs and glimepiride Amaryl. This might cause blood sugar levels to become too low. Taking Cipro with methotrexate Rasuvo, Otrexup can increase the levels of methotrexate in your body and increase the risk of methotrexate side effects. Taking Cipro with ropinirole Requip, Requip XL can increase the levels of ropinirole in the body and increase the risk of ropinirole side effects.
Taking Cipro with the seizure drug phenytoin Dilantin, Dilantin, Phenytek can cause phenytoin levels in the body to become too low. This can result in uncontrolled seizures in people taking phenytoin for epilepsy. Taking Cipro with sildenafil Viagra , Revatio can increase the levels of sildenafil in your body and increase the risk of sildenafil side effects. Taking Cipro with theophylline can increase levels of theophylline in your body. This can cause serious theophylline side effects.
These include nausea, vomiting, jitters, irritability, abnormal heartbeat, heart attack, seizures, and breathing failure. Cipro and theophylline should not be taken together if possible. Cipro can increase the sedative and blood pressure effects of tizanidine Zanaflex. This might result in excessive sedation from zolpidem. Cipro can prolong your QT interval, which means it might affect the rhythm of your heartbeat. Using these drugs together might increase the risk of a dangerous irregular heartbeat.
Some vitamin and supplement products can bind to Cipro and prevent your body from absorbing it. These supplements include:. To avoid this interaction, you should take Cipro at least two hours before you take these supplements, or at least six hours afterward. Dairy foods or calcium-fortified juice can bind to Cipro and prevent your body from absorbing it.
To avoid this interaction, you should take Cipro at least two hours before you consume these foods, or at least two hours afterward. Cipro can increase the effects of caffeine consumed from coffee, tea, chocolate, and other sources.
This might increase the risk of caffeine-related side effects such as nervousness, jitteriness, and trouble sleeping. Taking Cipro with alcohol will not make the antibiotic less effective, but the combination might increase the risk of certain side effects or make side effects worse.
Examples of side effects that might be more likely to occur, or worsened by alcohol use, include:. The dosage should not be more than mg every 12 hours.
Some research suggests that taking Cipro early in pregnancy might increase the risk of spontaneous abortion. Other studies have not found this effect on pregnancy. This medication should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit justifies the potential risk. You should not breastfeed while taking this medication. Cipro can pass through breast milk and cause side effects in a child who is breastfed. You may need to decide whether to stop breastfeeding or stop taking this medication. There are many different antibiotics that are used as alternatives to Cipro.
The most appropriate antibiotic to use can depend on your age, site of the infection, the type of bacteria causing the infection, drug allergies you may have, and the geographic region you live in. Note : Some of the drugs listed here are used off-label to treat these specific infections.
Cipro and Bactrim are both antibiotic drugs, but they belong to different drug classes. Cipro is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Bactrim is a sulfonamide antibiotic. Bactrim contains two drugs in one pill, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.
Cipro is available as an oral tablet and oral suspension that are taken twice daily. Cipro XR extended-release tablets are taken once daily. Bactrim is available as oral tablets and an oral suspension that are also taken twice daily. However, Cipro is not a first-choice medication for this condition, due to the risk of serious side effects. Cipro should only be used for UTIs when first-choice medications cannot be used. When comparing drugs, keep in mind that your doctor will make treatment recommendations based on your individual needs.
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you're taking any other medicines, including herbal medicines, vitamins or supplements. Ciprofloxacin is from a group of medicines called fluoroquinolone or quinolone antibiotics. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics work by killing the bacteria causing an infection. For most infections, you should feel better within a few days, but this depends on the type of infection. Tell your doctor if you do not start feeling better after taking or using ciprofloxacin for 2 to 3 days, or if you feel worse at any time.
Some infections will take longer to clear, such as bone infections like osteomyelitis. In this case, you should start to feel better after a week or maybe longer. It's very important that you keep taking ciprofloxacin until your course is finished. Do this even if you feel better. It will help to stop the infection coming back. It is usual to take ciprofloxacin for a week or 2. For some infections you might only need to take it for a day, but up to 3 months for others.
However, some people have serious side effects. These can happen during treatment or even months after stopping. In a few people, these can be long-lasting or never go away. Because the side effects can be so serious, ciprofloxacin is not prescribed for more than 3 months at a time. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you are worried about this. Carry on taking ciprofloxacin until you've completed the course, even if you feel better. If you stop your treatment early, the infection could come back.
It also gives any remaining bacteria a chance to change or adapt so they are no longer affected by the antibiotic. Your doctor will choose an antibiotic depending on which types of bacteria they think are causing your infection. Some antibiotics are more specific narrow-spectrum and some kill a wider range of bacteria broad-spectrum. Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that was once used to treat a wide range of infections, especially respiratory and urinary tract infections.
Ciprofloxacin is not used as often as some other antibitotics because of the risk of serious side effects. Other quinolone antibiotics include levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and ofloxacin.
All quinolones can be used to treat some chest, eye and genital infections. Levofloxacin and ofloxacin are usually taken 1 or 2 times a day.
Moxifloxacin is only taken once a day. Levofloxacin also comes as a liquid that you breathe in for certain infections in your lungs. Do not take the liquid or tablets with dairy products such as milk, cheese and yoghurt or drinks with added calcium such as some dairy-free milks.
They stop ciprofloxacin entering the body from the stomach. Leave a gap of at least 2 hours between taking ciprofloxacin and having this type of food and drink. It's then OK to have some dairy or calcium as part of a balanced meal. You do not need to avoid any food or drinks if you're using the eyedrops, eye ointment or eardrops.
There's no firm evidence to suggest that taking ciprofloxacin will reduce fertility in either men or women. However, speak to a pharmacist or your doctor before taking it if you're trying to get pregnant. Ciprofloxacin does not affect any type of contraception, including the combined pill and emergency contraception. But if ciprofloxacin makes you sick vomit or have severe diarrhoea for more than 24 hours, your contraceptive pills may not protect you from pregnancy.
Find out what to do if you're on the pill and you're being sick or have diarrhoea. Make sure you know how you react to ciprofloxacin before driving or riding a bike. If you get stinging or burning in your eyes straight after applying ciprofloxacin eyedrops or eye ointment, do not drive or ride a bike. Wait until your eyes are comfortable again and your vision is clear. Ear infections can make you lose your balance. If you're affected, it's best not to drive or ride a bike until you feel back to normal.
Page last reviewed: 12 September Next review due: 12 September Ciprofloxacin On this page About ciprofloxacin Key facts Who can and cannot take ciprofloxacin How and when to take it Side effects How to cope with side effects Pregnancy and breastfeeding Cautions with other medicines Common questions.
About ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic. It's used to treat bacterial infections, such as: chest infections including pneumonia skin and bone infections sexually transmitted infections STIs conjunctivitis eye infections ear infections It can be used to help stop people getting meningitis if they have been really close to someone with the infection.
Ciprofloxacin is only available on prescription. Help us improve our website Can you answer a quick question about your visit today? The most common side effects of ciprofloxacin tablets and liquid are feeling sick nausea and diarrhoea.
Avoid taking the tablets or liquid together with dairy products like milk, cheese and yoghurt. It is rare, but the tablets and liquid can cause weak muscles, pain or tingling in your legs and arms, painful or swollen joints and tendons, and a fast or irregular heartbeat.
Contact a doctor immediately if any of these happen to you. Ciprofloxacin is also known by the brand names Ciproxin tablets and liquid , Ciloxan eyedrops and eye ointment and Cetraxal eardrops. Ciprofloxacin eardrops also come mixed with other medicines, such as dexamethasone known as Cetraxal Plus and fluocinolone known as Cilodex.
Ciprofloxacin is not suitable for some people. To make sure ciprofloxacin is safe for you, tell your doctor if: you have had an allergy to ciprofloxacin or any other medicine you have had a serious side effect with ciprofloxacin or another antibiotic particularly a fluroquinolone in the past you had diarrhoea when you have taken antibiotics before you or someone in your family has an abdominal aortic aneurysm or any other problem with the aorta the large blood vessel running from the heart to the abdomen you have fast, pounding or irregular heartbeats you have a heart infection, congenital heart disease or heart valve disease you have uncontrolled high blood pressure you have rheumatoid arthritis , Behcet's disease or a connective tissue disorder such as Marfan syndrome you have problems with your tendons you have epilepsy or another health problem that puts you at risk of seizures you have problems with your kidneys you have diabetes , as ciprofloxacin might affect your blood sugars.
How to take the tablets and liquid Ciprofloxacin comes as mg, mg and mg tablets. Doses are usually lower for children and people with kidney problems. Antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
Using antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment. Ciprofloxacin comes as a tablet, a suspension liquid , and an extended-release tablet to take by mouth with or without food.
The tablets and suspension are usually taken twice a day, and the extended-release tablets are usually taken once a day. When used to treat gonorrhea, the tablets and suspension may be given as a single dose.
Take ciprofloxacin at around the same time s every day. The length of your treatment depends on the type of infection you have. Your doctor will tell you how long to take ciprofloxacin. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take ciprofloxacin exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
One type of ciprofloxacin cannot be substituted for another. Be sure that you receive only the type of ciprofloxacin that was prescribed by your doctor. Ask your pharmacist if you have any questions about the type of ciprofloxacin you were given. Do not take ciprofloxacin with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone. However, you may take ciprofloxacin with a meal that includes these foods or drinks.
Swallow the tablets and extended-release tablets whole; do not split, crush, or chew them. If you cannot swallow tablets whole, tell your doctor. If you are taking the suspension, shake the bottle very well for 15 seconds before each use to mix the medication evenly. Swallow the correct dose without chewing the granules in the suspension. Close the bottle completely after each use.
Do not give the suspension to a patient through a feeding tube. You should begin feeling better during the first few days of your treatment with ciprofloxacin. If your symptoms do not improve or if they get worse, call your doctor. If you are being treated for a urinary tract infection, call your doctor if you develop fever or back pain during or after your treatment.
These symptoms may be signs that your infection is worsening. Take ciprofloxacin until you finish the prescription, even if you feel better. In the event of biological warfare, ciprofloxacin may be used to treat and prevent dangerous illnesses that are deliberately spread such as tularemia and anthrax of the skin or mouth.
Ciprofloxacin is also sometimes used to treat cat scratch disease an infection that may develop after a person is bitten or scratched by a cat , Legionnaires' disease type of lung infection , chancroid genital sores caused by bacteria , granuloma inguinale donovanosis; a sexually transmitted disease , and infections of the outer ear that spread to the bones of the face.
Ciprofloxacin may also be used to help treat tuberculosis and Crohn's disease condition in which the immune system attacks the lining of the digestive tract causing pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and fever. Ciprofloxacin is also sometimes used to prevent traveler's diarrhea in certain patients and to prevent infections in patients who have fever and are at high risk for infection because they have very few white blood cells, people who are having certain types of surgery, and those people in close contact with someone who is sick with meningitis.
Talk to your doctor about the risks of using this medication for your condition. This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information. Do not drink or eat a lot of caffeine-containing products such as coffee, tea, energy drinks, cola, or chocolate. Ciprofloxacin may increase nervousness, sleeplessness, heart pounding, and anxiety caused by caffeine. Make sure you drink plenty of water or other fluids every day while you are taking ciprofloxacin.
If you miss a dose of ciprofloxacin tablets or suspension by less than 6 hours, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it and then take the next dose at the scheduled time. However, if you miss a dose of ciprofloxacin tablets or suspension by more than 6 hours, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule.
If you miss a dose of the extended-release tablet, take the dose as soon as you remember it. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
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